Histological Markers of Myelination in Demyelination Studies
Remyelination trials in multiple sclerosis are judged on imaging and functional endpoints because myelin cannot be examined directly in a patient. A...
Pain Endpoints in Collagen-Induced and Antibody-Induced Arthritis
Pain is a principal presenting symptom of rheumatoid arthritis, and persistent pain despite low inflammatory activity is now the subject of its own...
Preclinical Evidence Requirements for a Non-Opioid Analgesic
The clinical value of a non-opioid analgesic is defined relative to the established agents it is intended to replace, so its preclinical evaluation...
Cuprizone and EAE Models of Demyelination: Mechanism and Application
Multiple sclerosis therapy has been transformed by agents that control inflammation, and the unmet need has shifted toward repair. Remyelination has...
Non-Opioid Analgesic Mechanisms and Their Preclinical Pain Models
The FDA issued draft guidance on the development of non-opioid analgesics for acute pain in 2022, covering development programs, labeling claims and...
Diabetic Wound Healing in the GLP-1 Era: What Systemic Metabolic Control Does Not Solve
The GLP-1 receptor agonists have changed the trajectory of type 2 diabetes care, and the evidence now suggests their reach extends to the diabetic...
Five Days From a Single Injection: What Long-Acting Local Anesthetics Have to Prove in the Pig
Postoperative pain management is in the middle of a reimbursement shift. Since January 2025, Medicare has paid separately for qualifying non-opioid...
Preclinical Models of Diabetic Neuropathy: STZ, High Fat Diet, and the ZDF Rat
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy affects nearly half of people living with diabetes, and it remains one of the harder complications to treat. The...
Psychiatry's New Mechanisms Arrived With Side Effects Attached
For seventy years, antipsychotics for schizophrenia acted on dopamine and antidepressants acted on monoamines. The innovation within those classes...